Parts (Electronics)

IC

Part	Name	Cost	Notes
555/556	Timer	$2.15 / 50
LM741	Op Amp	$1.20 / 10
LM317	Linear reg.	$1.30 / 10
LM78xx	Linear reg.	$1.30 / 10	The xx is the voltage; 05,06,08,10,12,15,18,24
LM2575T LM2576T	Switching reg.	$3.00 / 10	2575 = 1A ; 2576 = 3A
LM723	Voltage and current regulator	$6.50 / 10	found here
LM2596T	Switching reg.	$3.00 / 10	Similar to above, I think the switching is slower
LM8560	Alarm clock	$1	All-in-one alarm clock; LED driver, time, alarm.
TDA7000	FM Radio	$2	All-in-one FM radio
CD4053	Multiplexer/Demultiplexer	$1 / 10
LM386N	Audio Amp	$1 / 5	Good for low power audio (1.25W)
MAX7219CNG	8 digit 7 segment display driver	$3.70 / 10	Look pretty cool!
L6219	Stepper Driver	$5 / 5	This one seems a little cheaper and more common.
L293	Stepper Driver	$5 / 5
PCF8563P	Real time clock	$1 / 2
Various	Shift Register	$1 / 10
Various	SPI Flash	$1.5	Offer several MB of storage on a chip (~64).
MC34063	Boost Buck Switching reg	$2.40 / 50	40v 1.5A
various (HM62256, hm628128)	SRAM chip	~$2	Around 256KB
CD4040 / CD4060	12-bit counter	$2 / 5

For a switching regulator use LM2596T, for the 2000uF, use 2x1000uF, way more economical. And replace the 20uH with 22uH, also much cheaper (doesn't really look like any one produces 20uH). Using one of these comes out to around $0.70. Probably better to just get a micro module.

Microcontrollers

Name	Cost	I/O	Flash	Speed	Peripherals	Notes
ATTINY85	60¢	6	8K	20MHz	2pwm, 2-8 timer, 1adc	Small dev boards are available for around $1.75
ATTINY2313	$1	16	8K	20MHz	2pwm, 2-8 timer, 1adc
ATMEGA8	90¢	23	8K	16MHz	3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer	Small dev boards are available for around $1.75
ATMEGA328	$2	23	32K	20MHz	3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer	Used on Arduino Uno and Pro
ATmega2560	$4	23	32K	20MHz	3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer	Used on Arduino Mega, no dips, try TQFP + dip adapter
Cortex M3 (SM8958AC25PP)	$3	~36	32K	40MHz	all the things	not clear if it's 8 or 32 bit. Dev boards for $3.
Z80	$1.5				well... they've been around forever
PIC (PIC16F630)	$1	~12	~2K	20MHz

Packages

Name	Description
DIP	dual in-line pin, pins are 1/10" apart, 1/4" wide
QFP	Quad Flat Pack

Modules

Name	Cost	Description
16x2 HD44780 LCD	$2	Displays a wide range of characters, standard driver
20x4 HD44780 LCD	$5.50	About the same per char as above (a little more)
ESP8622	$2	Wifi module
HC-06	$4	Bluetooth module
8Ω Speaker	$2
IR Avoidance	$1	Detects nearby objects
HC-SR501 IR Motion	$0.85	Detects movement, good for activating lights
$1	USB to Serial bridge
433MHz Transmitter & Receiver	$1
Peltier Cooler	$2.25	They take 60W so, needs a lot of power.
84x48 2.4"	$2.5	LCD Module (Nokia)
240x320 2.4"	$7	LCD Module
320x480 3.5"	$13	LCD Module
800x480 7"	$35	LCD Module, these get complicated

Power

Name	Cost	Description
Voltage Meter	$2.00	3x7seg LED, generally wide ranges of voltages
Buck Module	$2.74	(4-40v) → (1.3-37v) @ 2A; includes led panel. Found a 9A version for $5, no display.
Mini voltage regulator	$6.50 / 10	There are several, typically around 20v → 17v (and anything below). Buck only. 2A:3A
Bread Board Supply	$1	Nice little package that plugs into a bread board and supplies either 3.3v or 5v. Takes 6.5v-12V through 5.5mm or USB
12V 1A Adapter	$1.75	Wall wart
Micro Buck adapter	$4.16 / 10	Switching buck regulator. In 4.75V-23V, Out 1V-17V, 1.8A, can handle bursts of 3A.

Semiconductors

Part	Cost	Limit	Part
PNP BJT (TO-92)	$1.43 / 100	40v 200mA	2N3906
NPN BJT (TO-92)	$1.20 / 100	60v 200mA	2N3904
PNP BJT (TO-220)	$2.60 / 50	100v 3A	https://www.fairchildsemi.com/datasheets/TI/TIP32C.pdf TIP32]
NPN BJT (TO-220)	$2.6 / 50	60v 3A	TIP31
PNP BJT (TO-3)	$4.87 / 5	60v 10A	MJ2955
NPN BJT (TO-3)	$2.60 / 5	60v 15A	2N3055
N-chan MOSFET (TO-92)	$2.01 / 50	60v 200mA	2N7000
P-cha MOSFET (TO-92)	$14 / 50	45v 230mA	BS250 Note cost compared to N-chan
N-chan MOSFET (TO-220)	$2.95 / 10	100v 9.7A	IRF520N
P-cha MOSFET (TO-220)	$2.38 / 10	100v 23A	IRF9540
Diode	$1.25 / 100	1000v 1A	1N4007
Zener Diode	$4 / 50	1W	For zener=12v, but there are assortment kits
Crystal Oscillator	$1 / 10		16 MHz

The TO-220 transistors are often sold in PNP/NPN pairs.

LEDs

Part	Cost	Notes
5mm Single Color	$4 / 100	Some color packs available
3mm Single Color	$1.5 / 100	Some color packs available
Tri-Color 5mm	$5 / 100	Some color packs available
1W LED	$8 / 50	Super bright, needs driver
Laser 650nm (red) 5mW	$2 / 10	With copper module
Laser 1W 445nm (blue)	$19	really needs a driver
Laser 2W 445nm (blue)	$31	really needs a driver
Laser 3W 808nm (infrared)	$60	super needs a driver
4-Digit 7 Segment	$1 / 2	There's a driver IC

Packages

Name	Description
TO-92	Small black, semi circle, 3 leads from the bottom
TO-3	metal can, good for heat dissipation, cheap heat-sinks, shaped like a rounded diamond about 1"x1.5", leads are .43" apart
TO-220	metal tab heatsink
5mm	Common LED package

TO stands for transistor-outline.

Sensors

Part	Cost	Notes
Temperature sensor	$3 / 5	TO-92, -67F:257F
Photoresistor	$1 / 20
Phototransistor	$5 / 100	IR, faster response than a photoresistor
Capacitive Electret Microphone	$1 / 10	needs a driver
Ultrasonic module	$1
Strain sensors
Weight sensor

Switches and buttons

Part	Cost	Notes
Rotary Switch	$2 : $5	Lots of variety
2P2T Rocker Switch	$3 / 10	Lots of variety
Illuminated Rocker Switch	$2 / 5	Most take 12v for power.
Momentary push button switch	$0.15 - $5
Rotary Encoder	$5 / 10	Needs a knob.
Magnetic switch	$1

Linear Components

Resistors

Resistors are typically 1/4W. The cost for these is negligible, assortment packages typically come in around 0.6¢ per resistor. To handle higher wattage, they can be used in parallel.

Potentiometers range in price and variety. With a knob, they run around $1 a piece. Trim pots are around 5¢ a piece.

Capacitors

Electrolytic up to 220uF are very cheap (2.8¢) and available in assortment packs. Up to 2200uf is still pretty cheap, 7.5¢ with a 1000uF@10v cap coming in around 5.6¢. Beyond this, the goes up rapidly for either additional capacitance or voltage with a 2200uF@25v around 50¢.

Ceramics are cheap up to 100nf, also available in assortment packs (0.4¢).

Inductors

Small inductors are fairly cheap; assortment packs of 1/2w from 1uH to 4.7mH 5.5¢ a piece. They look like resistors.

Fuses

Pico fuses are pretty cheap. About $0.20 a piece. Learned the hard way after blowing my new breadboard supply.

Connectors

Description	Cost	Notes
Banana Plug	$3.94 / 20
Spring Terminal	$1 / 2-terminal-block	These come in a wide range of sizes
PCB Terminal Blocks	$5.75 / 50x 2-terminal-block	Also come in a variety of sizes.
5.5x2.1mm DC socket	$1.89 / 10
0.1" Headers Breakable Male	50x40-pin $8.75	For not much more, these come in colors
0.1" Headers Female (not breakable)	10x40-pin $1.18
Swiss Machine Pin	12x40-pin $5.70	0.1" Headers Breakable Female
USB A PCB socket	$4 / 10
3.5mm Socket	$2 / 10
cable transition connector	$4.90 / 25	Works with Ribbon cable, doesn't vary much regardless of pins
DIP sockets	$1 / 10	Easily swap out IC chips, good for programming microcontrollers
Micro USB	$3.15 / 10	This includes a small board, the raw socket is cheaper, it's smd.

Cables

Name	Wires	Cost	Notes
Cat5	4x twisted pairs	$10 / 150'	very long lengths are cheaper per ft ($50/1000')
1.27mm Pitch Ribbon Cable	4, 8, 10, 16, 26, 40	around $1/3'	Uses special connectors

Ribbon cables have special connectors that convert the 1.27mm pitch cable into dual 2.54mm pitch sockets.

Also, network cables aren't a bad choice, pre-made 0.5ft cables are about $0.60 and that gets us 8 wires.

Wire

Type	Cost	Notes
22 AWG Solid Core	$10.35 / 100'	breadboards and prototyping
24 AWG Solid Core	$23.80 / 250'	prototyping, maybe breadboards
26 AWG Tinned Copper Wire	$8.75 / 100'	good for perf boards

Circuit Boards

Description	Cost Source	Cost
Copper Clad Board	36 x 4"x6" $22	2.5¢ insq
Ferric Chloride	4 oz dry / 1L wet $11
Perf Board	10 7x5cm $5.25	9.5¢ insq
Bread Board	Standard Size	$2.50
Shield Bread Board	Sized for Arduino shields	$2 / 5
Breakout Boards	Convert smd to dip	~2¢

Dev Boards

Name	Cost	Details
RasPi 2 B	$39	900MHz, 1G ram, HDMI, micro sd
RasPi 2 B+	$30	700MHz, 512M ram, HDMI, micro sd
RasPi 2 A+	$25	700MHz, 256M ram, HDMI, micro sd

Name	Cost	Details
Arduino Nano	$2.21	14 IO (6PWM 8ADC) 16K 16MHz

Hardware

Name	Cost	Details
12mm Knob	$2.50 / 10	Common size for pots, switches and rotary encoders.
Standoffs	$2.20 / 50	M3 8mm
Standoff Screws	$5.20 / 100	nylon M3 5mm
ABS Project Box	$3.5 / 5	100x60x25mm (9.3x2.3x1")
Aluminum Project Box	$9 / 5	100x100x50mm
ABS Sheet	$0.024 / insq	DIY box, weld with a soldering iron, almost as expensive as copper clad boards
Aluminum Sheet	$0.07 / insq
Polypropylene Sheet	$0.014 / insq
PVC Sheet	$0.021 / insq
Hardboard	$0.0017 / insq	That's right, best by an order of magnitude. Homedepot, not eBay.