Parts (Electronics): Difference between revisions
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| STM32 "Blue Pill" | |||
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| 64K | |||
| 216MHz | |||
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| 32 bit | |||
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Revision as of 13:03, 11 September 2019
IC
| Part | Name | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 555/556 | Timer | $2.15 / 50 | |
| LM741 | Op Amp | $1.65 / 10 | LM324 (quad) is about 20¢/pc but that's 5¢ per amp, so even at 2, that's better. |
| LM8560 | Alarm clock | $1 | All-in-one alarm clock; LED driver, time, alarm. |
| TDA7000 | FM Radio | $2 | All-in-one FM radio |
| CD4053 | Multiplexer/Demultiplexer | $1 / 10 | |
| LM386N | Audio Amp | $1 / 5 | Good for low power audio (1.25W) |
| MAX7219CNG | 8 digit 7 segment display driver | $3.70 / 10 | Look pretty cool! |
| L6219 | Stepper Driver | $5 / 5 | This one seems a little cheaper and more common. |
| L293 | Stepper Driver | $5 / 5 | |
| PCF8563P | Real time clock | $1 / 2 | |
| 74HC595 | Serial in shift register | $2.20 / 25 | |
| 74HC165N | Serial out shift register | $7.70 / 50 | |
| Various | SPI Flash | $1.5 | Offer several MB of storage on a chip (~64). |
| various (HM62256, hm628128) | SRAM chip | ~$2 | Around 256KB |
| CD4040 / CD4060 | 12-bit counter | $2 / 5 | |
| A3144 | Hall Effect Sensor Switch | $2 / 5 | $1.60 / 10 |
| TL494 | PWM Controller | $3 / 10 |
Power Regulation
| Part | Name | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM317 | Linear reg. | $1.30 / 10 | |
| LM78xx | Linear reg. | $1.30 / 10 | The xx is the voltage; 05,06,08,10,12,15,18,24 |
| LM2575T LM2576T | Switching reg. | $3.00 / 10 | 2575 = 1A ; 2576 = 3A |
| LM723 | Voltage and current regulator | $6.50 / 10 | found here |
| LM2596T | Switching reg. | $3.00 / 10 | Similar to above, I think the switching is slower |
| MC34063 | Boost Buck Switching reg | $2.40 / 50 | 40v 1.5A |
| LM336 | 2.5V precision reference | $1.88 / 10 | Up to 10mA. ± 1% |
Microcontrollers
| Name | Cost | I/O | Flash | Speed | Peripherals | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATTINY85 | $1.23 | 6 | 8K | 20MHz | 2pwm, 2-8 timer, 1adc | Small dev boards are available for around $1.75 |
| ATTINY2313 | $1 | 16 | 8K | 20MHz | 2pwm, 2-8 timer, 1adc | |
| ATMEGA8 | 90¢ | 23 | 8K | 16MHz | 3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer | Small dev boards are available for around $1.75 |
| ATMEGA328P | $16/10 | 23 | 32K | 20MHz | 3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer | Used on Arduino Uno and Pro |
| ATmega2560 | $4 | 23 | 32K | 20MHz | 3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer | Used on Arduino Mega, no dips, try TQFP + dip adapter |
| Cortex M3 (SM8958AC25PP) | $3 | ~36 | 32K | 40MHz | all the things | not clear if it's 8 or 32 bit. Dev boards for $3. |
| Z80 | $1.5 | well... they've been around forever | ||||
| PIC (PIC16F630) | $1 | ~12 | ~2K | 20MHz | ||
| STM32 "Blue Pill" | $2 | ~20 | 64K | 216MHz | 32 bit |
Packages
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| DIP | dual in-line pin, pins are 1/10" apart, 1/4" wide |
| QFP | Quad Flat Pack |
| SOP | Small Outline Integrated Circuit |
Modules
| Name | Cost | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ESP8622 | $2 | Wifi module |
| HC-06 | $4 | Bluetooth module |
| 8Ω Speaker | $2 | - |
| IR Avoidance | $1 | Detects nearby objects |
| HC-SR501 IR Motion | $0.85 | Detects movement, good for activating lights |
| CH340G | $1 | USB to Serial bridge |
| 433MHz Transmitter & Receiver | $1 | - |
| LoRa tranceiver | $4 | - |
| Peltier Cooler | $2.25 | They take 60W so, needs a lot of power. |
| HC-SR04 | $1.50 | Ultra sonic distance module |
| L9110S | $1 | Dual H-bridge 12v 800mA |
| L298N | $3 | Dual H-bridge 35v 2A 25W |
| 15A Dual H-bridge | $13 | Dual H-bridge 36v 15A |
| DS3231 | $0.75 | Real time clock with alarm and temperature |
| PCA9685 | $2.50 | 16ch servo motor controller |
| MPU-6050 | $1.00 | Inertial Measurement Unit (gyroscope+accelerometer) |
LCD
| Name | Cost | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 16x2 HD44780 LCD | $2 | Displays a wide range of characters, standard driver |
| 20x4 HD44780 LCD | $5.50 | About the same per char as above (a little more) |
| 84x48 2.4" 5110 | $2.5 | LCD Module (Nokia) |
| 240x320 2.4" | $7 | LCD Module |
| 320x480 3.5" | $13 | LCD Module |
| 800x480 7" | $35 | LCD Module, these get complicated |
| 0.96 Inch OLED | $7 | 128x64 Yellow and Blue, very thin |
Power
| Name | Cost | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Voltage Meter | $2.00 | 3x7seg LED, generally wide ranges of voltages |
| Buck Module | $2.74 | (4-40v) → (1.3-37v) @ 2A; includes led panel. Found a 9A version for $5, no display. |
| Mini voltage regulator | $6.50 / 10 | There are several, typically around 20v → 17v (and anything below). Buck only. 2A:3A |
| Bread Board Supply | $1 | Nice little package that plugs into a bread board and supplies either 3.3v or 5v. Takes 6.5v-12V through 5.5mm or USB |
| 12V 1A Adapter | $1.75 | Wall wart |
| Micro Buck adapter | $4.16 / 10 | Switching buck regulator. In 4.75V-23V, Out 1V-17V, 1.8A, can handle bursts of 3A. |
| 3.3V Step Up | $10.37 / 5 ($2.07) | Boosts a single 1.5V battery upto 3.3V. Good for Arduino Pro Mini. |
Semiconductors
| Part | Cost | Limit | Part |
|---|---|---|---|
| PNP BJT (TO-92) | $1.00 / 100 | 40v 200mA | 2N3906 |
| NPN BJT (TO-92) | $1.00 / 100 | 60v 200mA | 2N3904 |
| PNP BJT (TO-220) | $2.60 / 50 | 100v 3A | https://www.fairchildsemi.com/datasheets/TI/TIP32C.pdf TIP32] |
| NPN BJT (TO-220) | $2.6 / 50 | 60v 3A | TIP31 |
| PNP BJT (TO-3) | $4.87 / 5 | 60v 10A | MJ2955 |
| NPN BJT (TO-3) | $2.60 / 5 | 60v 15A | 2N3055 |
| N-chan MOSFET (TO-92) | $2.01 / 50 | 60v 200mA | 2N7000 |
| P-chan MOSFET (TO-92) | $14 / 50 | 45v 230mA | BS250 Note cost compared to N-chan |
| N-chan MOSFET (TO-220) | $2.95 / 10 | 100v 9.7A | IRF520N |
| P-cha MOSFET (TO-220) | $2.38 / 10 | 100v 23A | IRF9540 |
| Diode | $1.25 / 100 | 1000v 1A | 1N4007 |
| Zener Diode | $4 / 50 | 1W | For zener=12v, but there are assortment kits |
| Crystal Oscillator | $1 / 10 | 16 MHz |
The TO-220 transistors are often sold in PNP/NPN pairs.
LEDs
| Part | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 5mm Single Color | $4 / 100 | Some color packs available |
| 3mm Single Color | $1.5 / 100 | Some color packs available |
| Tri-Color 5mm | $5 / 100 | Some color packs available |
| 1W LED | $8 / 50 | Super bright, needs driver |
| Laser 650nm (red) 5mW | $2 / 10 | With copper module |
| Laser 1W 445nm (blue) | $19 | really needs a driver |
| Laser 2W 445nm (blue) | $31 | really needs a driver |
| Laser 3W 808nm (infrared) | $60 | super needs a driver |
| 4-Digit 7 Segment | $1 / 2 | There's a driver IC |
Packages
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| TO-92 | Small black, semi circle, 3 leads from the bottom |
| TO-3 | metal can, good for heat dissipation, cheap heat-sinks, shaped like a rounded diamond about 1"x1.5", leads are .43" apart |
| TO-220 | metal tab heatsink |
| 5mm | Common LED package |
TO stands for transistor-outline.
Sensors
| Part | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature sensor | $3 / 5 | TO-92, -67F:257F |
| Photoresistor | $1 / 20 | |
| Phototransistor | $5 / 100 | IR, faster response than a photoresistor |
| Capacitive Electret Microphone | $1 / 10 | needs a driver |
| Ultrasonic module | $1 | |
| Strain sensors | ||
| Weight sensor |
Switches and buttons
| Part | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Rotary Switch | $2 : $5 | Lots of variety |
| 2P2T Rocker Switch | $3 / 10 | Lots of variety |
| Illuminated Rocker Switch | $2 / 5 | Most take 12v for power. |
| Momentary push button switch | $0.15 - $5 | |
| Rotary Encoder | $5 / 10 | Needs a knob. |
| Magnetic switch | $1 |
Magnetics
| Part | Type | Cost | VA | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22mm toroid | $1.60 / 5 | |||
| EE42 | 2xE | $8 | ||
| Rm8 | Bobbin core | $6.50 / 5 | ||
| UY1658 | 2x U | $24 / 5 |
Powdered Fe3O4 can be had for $1.30/lb on ebay.
Motors
| Part | Type | Cost | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| RS550 | DC 12-20V ~70W | $6 | |
| RS775 | DC 12-20V ~300W | $15 |
Linear Components
Resistors
Resistors are typically 1/4W. The cost for these is negligible, assortment packages typically come in around 0.6¢ per resistor. To handle higher wattage, they can be used in parallel.
Potentiometers range in price and variety. With a knob, they run around $1 a piece. Trim pots are around 5¢ a piece.
Capacitors
Electrolytic up to 220uF are very cheap (2.8¢) and available in assortment packs. Up to 2200uf is still pretty cheap, 7.5¢ with a 1000uF@10v cap coming in around 5.6¢. Beyond this, the goes up rapidly for either additional capacitance or voltage with a 2200uF@25v around 50¢.
Ceramics are cheap up to 100nf, also available in assortment packs (0.4¢).
Supercaps seem to vary wildly. There's a 5.5V 4F one that's pretty common, with a small buck/boost module (with low dropout) that can provide a small amount of current for a long time.
Inductors
Small inductors are fairly cheap; assortment packs of 1/2w from 1uH to 4.7mH 5.5¢ a piece. They look like resistors.
Fuses
Pico fuses are pretty cheap. About $0.20 a piece. Learned the hard way after blowing my new breadboard supply.
Connectors
| Description | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Banana Plug | $3.94 / 20 | |
| Spring Terminal | $1 / 2-terminal-block | These come in a wide range of sizes |
| PCB Terminal Blocks | $5.75 / 50x 2-terminal-block | Also come in a variety of sizes. |
| 5.5x2.1mm DC socket | $1.89 / 10 | |
| 0.1" Headers Breakable Male | 50x40-pin $8.75 | For not much more, these come in colors |
| 0.1" Headers Female (not breakable) | 10x40-pin $1.18 | |
| Swiss Machine Pin | 12x40-pin $5.70 | 0.1" Headers Breakable Female "Single Row Round Female Pin Header" |
| USB A PCB socket | $4 / 10 | |
| 3.5mm Socket | $2 / 10 | |
| cable transition connector | $4.90 / 25 | Works with Ribbon cable, doesn't vary much regardless of pins |
| DIP sockets | $1 / 10 | Easily swap out IC chips, good for programming microcontrollers |
| Micro USB | $3.15 / 10 | This includes a small board, the raw socket is cheaper, it's smd. |
| Dupont | ~$0.05 (requires multiple parts) | These look really nice, what I've been looking for. |
Cables
| Name | Wires | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cat5 | 4x twisted pairs | $10 / 150' | very long lengths are cheaper per ft ($50/1000') |
| 1.27mm Pitch Ribbon Cable | 4, 8, 10, 16, 26, 40 | around $1/3' | Uses special connectors |
Ribbon cables have special connectors that convert the 1.27mm pitch cable into dual 2.54mm pitch sockets.
Also, network cables aren't a bad choice, pre-made 0.5ft cables are about $0.60 and that gets us 8 wires.
Wire
| Type | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 22 AWG Solid Core | $10.35 / 100' | breadboards and prototyping, works well with Swiss machine pins |
| 24 AWG Solid Core | $23.80 / 250' | prototyping, maybe breadboards |
| 26 AWG Tinned Copper Wire | $8.75 / 100' | good for perf boards |
Circuit Boards
| Description | Cost Source | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Copper Clad Board | 36 x 4"x6" $22 | 2.5¢ insq |
| Ferric Chloride | 4 oz dry / 1L wet $11 | |
| Perf Board | 10 7x5cm $1.28 | 2.5¢ insq |
| Bread Board | Standard Size | $2.50 |
| Shield Bread Board | Sized for Arduino shields | $2 / 5 |
| Breakout Boards | Convert smd to dip | ~2¢ |
Dev Boards
| Name | Cost | Details |
|---|---|---|
| RasPi 2 B | $39 | 900MHz, 1G ram, HDMI, micro sd |
| RasPi 2 B+ | $30 | 700MHz, 512M ram, HDMI, micro sd |
| RasPi 2 A+ | $25 | 700MHz, 256M ram, HDMI, micro sd |
| Name | Cost | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Arduino Nano | $2.21 | 14 IO (6PWM 8ADC) 16K 16MHz |
| Arduino Pro Mini | $2.00 | 14 IO (6PWM 6ADC) 16K 5V/16MHz or 3.3V/8MHz |
| Arduino UNO R3 | $3.00 | 14 IO (6PWM 6ADC) 16K 5V/16MHz or 3.3V/8MHz |
| Arduino Mega | $6.80 | 54 IO (15PWM 16ADC) 16K 5V/16MHz or 3.3V/8MHz |
| Teensy 3.6 | $32.50 | 62 IO (22PWM 25ADC 2DAC) 1M Flash/4K EEPROM 180MHz 3.3V |
Hardware
| Name | Cost | Details |
|---|---|---|
| 12mm Knob | $2.50 / 10 | Common size for pots, switches and rotary encoders. |
| Standoffs | $2.20 / 50 | M3 8mm |
| Standoff Screws | $5.20 / 100 | nylon M3 5mm |
| ABS Project Box | $3.5 / 5 | 100x60x25mm (9.3x2.3x1") |
| Aluminum Project Box | $9 / 5 | 100x100x50mm |
| ABS Sheet | $0.024 / insq | DIY box, weld with a soldering iron, almost as expensive as copper clad boards |
| Aluminum Sheet | $0.07 / insq | |
| Polypropylene Sheet | $0.014 / insq | |
| PVC Sheet | $0.021 / insq | |
| Hardboard | $0.0017 / insq | That's right, best by an order of magnitude. Homedepot, not eBay. |
To Print
- HD44780 char chart
- equations (C, L ...)
Pending
- UC3844
- Flyback controller at ~$0.70
To Buy
Next Order