IC
| Part |
Name |
Cost |
Notes
|
| 555/556
|
Timer
|
$2.15 / 50
|
|
| LM741
|
Op Amp
|
$1.65 / 10
|
LM324 (quad) is about 20¢/pc but that's 5¢ per amp, so even at 2, that's better.
|
| LM8560
|
Alarm clock
|
$1
|
All-in-one alarm clock; LED driver, time, alarm.
|
| TDA7000
|
FM Radio
|
$2
|
All-in-one FM radio
|
| CD4053
|
Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
|
$1 / 10
|
|
| LM386N
|
Audio Amp
|
$1 / 5
|
Good for low power audio (1.25W)
|
| MAX7219CNG
|
8 digit 7 segment display driver
|
$3.70 / 10
|
Look pretty cool!
|
| L6219
|
Stepper Driver
|
$5 / 5
|
This one seems a little cheaper and more common.
|
| L293
|
Stepper Driver
|
$5 / 5
|
|
| PCF8563P
|
Real time clock
|
$1 / 2
|
|
| 74HC595
|
Serial in shift register
|
$2.20 / 25
|
|
| 74HC165N
|
Serial out shift register
|
$7.70 / 50
|
|
| Various
|
SPI Flash
|
$1.5
|
Offer several MB of storage on a chip (~64).
|
| various (HM62256, hm628128)
|
SRAM chip
|
~$2
|
Around 256KB
|
| CD4040 / CD4060
|
12-bit counter
|
$2 / 5
|
|
| A3144
|
Hall Effect Sensor Switch
|
$2 / 5
|
$1.60 / 10
|
| TL494
|
PWM Controller
|
$3 / 10
|
|
| AT24C08A
|
8KB EEPROM
|
$10.50 / 50 = $0.21
|
|
| UC384X (x=2:5)
|
SMPS Controller
|
$15 / 50 = $1.50
|
|
Power Regulation
| Part |
Name |
Cost |
Notes
|
| LM317
|
Linear reg.
|
$1.30 / 10
|
|
| LM78xx
|
Linear reg.
|
$1.30 / 10
|
The xx is the voltage; 05,06,08,10,12,15,18,24
|
| LM2575T LM2576T
|
Switching reg.
|
$3.00 / 10
|
2575 = 1A ; 2576 = 3A
|
| LM723
|
Voltage and current regulator
|
$6.50 / 10
|
found here
|
| LM2596T
|
Switching reg.
|
$3.00 / 10
|
Similar to above, I think the switching is slower
|
| MC34063
|
Boost Buck Switching reg
|
$2.40 / 50
|
40v 1.5A
|
| LM336
|
2.5V precision reference
|
$1.88 / 10
|
Up to 10mA. ± 1%
|
|
|
eFuse
|
|
From here
|
Microcontrollers
| Name |
Cost |
I/O |
Flash |
Speed |
Peripherals |
Notes
|
| ATTINY85
|
$1.23
|
6
|
8K
|
20MHz
|
2pwm, 2-8 timer, 1adc
|
Small dev boards are available for around $1.75
|
| ATTINY2313
|
$1
|
16
|
8K
|
20MHz
|
2pwm, 2-8 timer, 1adc
|
|
| ATMEGA8
|
90¢
|
23
|
8K
|
16MHz
|
3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer
|
Small dev boards are available for around $1.75
|
| ATMEGA328P
|
$16/10
|
23
|
32K
|
20MHz
|
3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer
|
Used on Arduino Uno and Pro
|
| ATmega2560
|
$4
|
23
|
32K
|
20MHz
|
3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer
|
Used on Arduino Mega, no dips, try TQFP + dip adapter
|
| Cortex M3 (SM8958AC25PP)
|
$3
|
~36
|
32K
|
40MHz
|
all the things
|
not clear if it's 8 or 32 bit. Dev boards for $3.
|
| Z80
|
$1.5
|
|
|
|
well... they've been around forever
|
|
| PIC (PIC16F630)
|
$1
|
~12
|
~2K
|
20MHz
|
|
|
| STM32 "Blue Pill"
|
$2
|
~20
|
64K
|
216MHz
|
|
32 bit
|
Packages
| Name |
Description
|
| DIP
|
dual in-line pin, pins are 1/10" apart, 1/4" wide
|
| QFP
|
Quad Flat Pack
|
| SOP
|
Small Outline Integrated Circuit
|
ADC
- MCP3008: 8 channel 10 bit, SPI
- TLC0820: 8 bit parallel out
- ADS1213: 24 bit 4-ch mux
- ADS12xx: Delta-Sigma
- ADS1213: 24-bit 4-ch mux
- ADS1256: (breakout board) - looks good
Modules
| Name |
Cost |
Description
|
| ESP8622
|
$2
|
Wifi module
|
| HC-06
|
$4
|
Bluetooth module
|
| 8Ω Speaker
|
$2
|
-
|
| IR Avoidance
|
$1
|
Detects nearby objects
|
| HC-SR501 IR Motion
|
$0.85
|
Detects movement, good for activating lights
|
| CH340G
|
$1
|
USB to Serial bridge
|
| 433MHz Transmitter & Receiver
|
$1
|
-
|
| LoRa tranceiver
|
$4
|
-
|
| Peltier Cooler
|
$2.25
|
They take 60W so, needs a lot of power.
|
| HC-SR04
|
$1.50
|
Ultra sonic distance module
|
| L9110S
|
$1
|
Dual H-bridge 12v 800mA
|
| L298N
|
$3
|
Dual H-bridge 35v 2A 25W
|
| 15A Dual H-bridge
|
$13
|
Dual H-bridge 36v 15A
|
| DS3231
|
$0.75
|
Real time clock with alarm and temperature
|
| PCA9685
|
$2.50
|
16ch servo motor controller
|
| MPU-6050
|
$1.00
|
Inertial Measurement Unit (gyroscope+accelerometer)
|
LCD
| Name |
Cost |
Description
|
| 16x2 HD44780 LCD
|
$2
|
Displays a wide range of characters, standard driver
|
| 20x4 HD44780 LCD
|
$5.50
|
About the same per char as above (a little more)
|
| 84x48 2.4" 5110
|
$2.5
|
LCD Module (Nokia)
|
| 240x320 2.4"
|
$7
|
LCD Module
|
| 320x480 3.5"
|
$13
|
LCD Module
|
| 800x480 7"
|
$35
|
LCD Module, these get complicated
|
| 0.96 Inch OLED
|
$7
|
128x64 Yellow and Blue, very thin
|
Power
| Name |
Cost |
Description
|
| Voltage Meter
|
$2.00
|
3x7seg LED, generally wide ranges of voltages
|
| Buck Module
|
$2.74
|
(4-40v) → (1.3-37v) @ 2A; includes led panel. Found a 9A version for $5, no display.
|
| Mini voltage regulator
|
$6.50 / 10
|
There are several, typically around 20v → 17v (and anything below). Buck only. 2A:3A
|
| Bread Board Supply
|
$1
|
Nice little package that plugs into a bread board and supplies either 3.3v or 5v. Takes 6.5v-12V through 5.5mm or USB
|
| 12V 1A Adapter
|
$1.75
|
Wall wart
|
| Micro Buck adapter
|
$4.16 / 10
|
Switching buck regulator. In 4.75V-23V, Out 1V-17V, 1.8A, can handle bursts of 3A.
|
| 3.3V Step Up
|
$10.37 / 5 ($2.07)
|
Boosts a single 1.5V battery upto 3.3V. Good for Arduino Pro Mini.
|
| DPS5020, DP20V2A, DP30V5A
|
$18 - $30
|
Programmable power supply module. Step down, must provide dc power. See this.
|
Semiconductors
| Part |
Cost |
Limit |
Part
|
| PNP BJT (TO-92)
|
$1.00 / 100
|
40v 200mA
|
2N3906
|
| NPN BJT (TO-92)
|
$1.00 / 100
|
60v 200mA
|
2N3904
|
| PNP BJT (TO-220)
|
$2.60 / 50
|
100v 3A
|
https://www.fairchildsemi.com/datasheets/TI/TIP32C.pdf TIP32]
|
| NPN BJT (TO-220)
|
$2.6 / 50
|
60v 3A
|
TIP31
|
| PNP BJT (TO-3)
|
$4.87 / 5
|
60v 10A
|
MJ2955
|
| NPN BJT (TO-3)
|
$2.60 / 5
|
60v 15A
|
2N3055
|
| N-chan MOSFET (TO-92)
|
$6.70 / 100
|
60v 200mA
|
2N7000
|
| P-chan MOSFET (TO-92)
|
$14 / 50
|
45v 230mA
|
BS250 Note cost compared to N-chan; no longer available
|
| N-chan MOSFET (TO-220)
|
$2.95 / 10
|
100v 9.7A
|
IRF520N
|
| P-cha MOSFET (TO-220)
|
$2.38 / 10
|
100v 23A
|
IRF9540
|
| Diode
|
$1.25 / 100
|
1000v 1A
|
1N4007
|
| Zener Diode
|
$4 / 50
|
1W
|
For zener=12v, but there are assortment kits
|
| Crystal Oscillator
|
$1 / 10
|
|
16 MHz
|
The TO-220 transistors are often sold in PNP/NPN pairs.
LEDs
| Part |
Cost |
Notes
|
| 5mm Single Color
|
$4 / 100
|
Some color packs available
|
| 3mm Single Color
|
$1.5 / 100
|
Some color packs available
|
| Tri-Color 5mm
|
$5 / 100
|
Some color packs available
|
| 1W LED
|
$8 / 50
|
Super bright, needs driver
|
| Laser 650nm (red) 5mW
|
$2 / 10
|
With copper module
|
| Laser 1W 445nm (blue)
|
$19
|
really needs a driver
|
| Laser 2W 445nm (blue)
|
$31
|
really needs a driver
|
| Laser 3W 808nm (infrared)
|
$60
|
super needs a driver
|
| 4-Digit 7 Segment
|
$1 / 2
|
There's a driver IC
|
Packages
| Name |
Description
|
| TO-92
|
Small black, semi circle, 3 leads from the bottom
|
| TO-3
|
metal can, good for heat dissipation, cheap heat-sinks, shaped like a rounded diamond about 1"x1.5", leads are .43" apart
|
| TO-220
|
metal tab heatsink
|
| 5mm
|
Common LED package
|
TO stands for transistor-outline.
Sensors
| Part |
Cost |
Notes
|
| Temperature sensor
|
$3 / 5
|
TO-92, -67F:257F
|
| Photoresistor
|
$1 / 20
|
|
| Phototransistor
|
$5 / 100
|
IR, faster response than a photoresistor
|
| Capacitive Electret Microphone
|
$1 / 10
|
needs a driver
|
| Ultrasonic module
|
$1
|
|
| Strain sensors
|
|
|
| Weight sensor
|
|
|
Switches and buttons
| Part |
Cost |
Notes
|
| Rotary Switch
|
$2 : $5
|
Lots of variety
|
| 2P2T Rocker Switch
|
$3 / 10
|
Lots of variety
|
| Illuminated Rocker Switch
|
$2 / 5
|
Most take 12v for power.
|
| Momentary push button switch
|
$0.15 - $5
|
|
| Rotary Encoder
|
$5 / 10
|
Needs a knob.
|
| Magnetic switch
|
$1
|
|
Magnetics
| Part |
Type |
Cost |
VA |
Notes
|
|
|
22mm toroid
|
$1.60 / 5
|
|
|
| EE42
|
2xE
|
$8
|
|
|
| Rm8
|
Bobbin core
|
$6.50 / 5
|
|
|
| UY1658
|
2x U
|
$24 / 5
|
|
|
Powdered Fe3O4 can be had for $1.30/lb on ebay.
Motors
| Part |
Type |
Cost |
Torque
|
| RS550
|
DC 12-20V ~70W
|
$6
|
|
| RS775
|
DC 12-20V ~300W
|
$15
|
|
Linear Components
Resistors
Resistors are typically 1/4W. The cost for these is negligible, assortment packages typically come in around 0.6¢ per resistor. To handle higher wattage, they can be used in parallel.
Potentiometers range in price and variety. With a knob, they run around $1 a piece. Trim pots are around 5¢ a piece.
Wattages
- brown 3/8" : 1W
- blue 3/16" : 1/4w
Capacitors
Electrolytic up to 220uF are very cheap (2.8¢) and available in assortment packs. Up to 2200uf is still pretty cheap, 7.5¢ with a 1000uF@10v cap coming in around 5.6¢. Beyond this, the goes up rapidly for either additional capacitance or voltage with a 2200uF@25v around 50¢.
Ceramics are cheap up to 100nf, also available in assortment packs (0.4¢).
Supercaps seem to vary wildly. There's a 5.5V 4F one that's pretty common, with a small buck/boost module (with low dropout) that can provide a small amount of current for a long time.
Inductors
Small inductors are fairly cheap; assortment packs of 1/2w from 1uH to 4.7mH 5.5¢ a piece. They look like resistors.
Fuses
Pico fuses are pretty cheap. About $0.20 a piece. Learned the hard way after blowing my new breadboard supply.
Connectors
| Description |
Cost |
Notes
|
| Banana Plug
|
$3.94 / 20
|
|
| Spring Terminal
|
$1 / 2-terminal-block
|
These come in a wide range of sizes
|
| PCB Terminal Blocks
|
$5.75 / 50x 2-terminal-block
|
Also come in a variety of sizes.
|
| 5.5x2.1mm DC socket
|
$1.89 / 10
|
|
| 0.1" Headers Breakable Male
|
50x40-pin $8.75
|
For not much more, these come in colors
|
| 0.1" Headers Female (not breakable)
|
10x40-pin $1.18
|
|
| Swiss Machine Pin
|
12x40-pin $5.70
|
0.1" Headers Breakable Female "Single Row Round Female Pin Header"
|
| USB A PCB socket
|
$4 / 10
|
|
| 3.5mm Socket
|
$2 / 10
|
|
| cable transition connector
|
$4.90 / 25
|
Works with Ribbon cable, doesn't vary much regardless of pins
|
| DIP sockets
|
$1 / 10
|
Easily swap out IC chips, good for programming microcontrollers
|
| Micro USB
|
$3.15 / 10
|
This includes a small board, the raw socket is cheaper, it's smd.
|
| Dupont
|
~$0.05 (requires multiple parts)
|
These look really nice, what I've been looking for.
|
| KF2510
|
2.15/50
|
Enforces connection in only one direction, could be good for integrating power into connections.
|
Swiss Machine Pins are good for IC sockets and can accept 22-24 AWG solid core and hold fairly solidly.
Cables
| Name |
Wires |
Cost |
Notes
|
| Cat5
|
4x twisted pairs
|
$10 / 150'
|
very long lengths are cheaper per ft ($50/1000')
|
| 1.27mm Pitch Ribbon Cable
|
4, 8, 10, 16, 26, 40
|
around $1/3'
|
Uses special connectors
|
Ribbon cables have special connectors that convert the 1.27mm pitch cable into dual 2.54mm pitch sockets.
Also, network cables aren't a bad choice, pre-made 0.5ft cables are about $0.60 and that gets us 8 wires.
Wire
| Type |
Cost |
Notes
|
| 22 AWG Solid Core
|
$10.35 / 100'
|
breadboards and prototyping, works well with Swiss machine pins
|
| 24 AWG Solid Core
|
$23.80 / 250'
|
prototyping, maybe breadboards
|
| 26 AWG Tinned Copper Wire
|
$8.75 / 100'
|
good for perf boards
|
Circuit Boards
| Description |
Cost Source |
Cost
|
| Copper Clad Board
|
36 x 4"x6" $22
|
2.5¢ insq
|
| Ferric Chloride
|
4 oz dry / 1L wet $11
|
|
| Perf Board
|
10 7x5cm $1.28
|
2.5¢ insq
|
| Bread Board
|
Standard Size
|
$2.50
|
| Shield Bread Board
|
Sized for Arduino shields
|
$2 / 5
|
| Breakout Boards
|
Convert smd to dip
|
~2¢
|
Dev Boards
| Name |
Cost |
Details
|
| RasPi 2 B
|
$39
|
900MHz, 1G ram, HDMI, micro sd
|
| RasPi 2 B+
|
$30
|
700MHz, 512M ram, HDMI, micro sd
|
| RasPi 2 A+
|
$25
|
700MHz, 256M ram, HDMI, micro sd
|
| Name |
Cost |
Details
|
| Arduino Nano
|
$2.21
|
14 IO (6PWM 8ADC) 16K 16MHz
|
| Arduino Pro Mini
|
$2.00
|
14 IO (6PWM 6ADC) 16K 5V/16MHz or 3.3V/8MHz
|
| Arduino UNO R3
|
$3.00
|
14 IO (6PWM 6ADC) 16K 5V/16MHz or 3.3V/8MHz
|
| Arduino Mega
|
$6.80
|
54 IO (15PWM 16ADC) 16K 5V/16MHz or 3.3V/8MHz
|
| Teensy 3.6
|
$32.50
|
62 IO (22PWM 25ADC 2DAC) 1M Flash/4K EEPROM 180MHz 3.3V
|
Hardware
| Name |
Cost |
Details
|
| 12mm Knob
|
$2.50 / 10
|
Common size for pots, switches and rotary encoders.
|
| Standoffs
|
$2.20 / 50
|
M3 8mm
|
| Standoff Screws
|
$5.20 / 100
|
nylon M3 5mm
|
| ABS Project Box
|
$3.5 / 5
|
100x60x25mm (9.3x2.3x1")
|
| Aluminum Project Box
|
$9 / 5
|
100x100x50mm
|
| ABS Sheet
|
$0.024 / insq
|
DIY box, weld with a soldering iron, almost as expensive as copper clad boards
|
| Aluminum Sheet
|
$0.07 / insq
|
|
| Polypropylene Sheet
|
$0.014 / insq
|
|
| PVC Sheet
|
$0.021 / insq
|
|
| Hardboard
|
$0.0017 / insq
|
That's right, best by an order of magnitude. Homedepot, not eBay.
|
To Print
- HD44780 char chart
- equations (C, L ...)
Pending
- UC3844
- Flyback controller at ~$0.70
To Buy
Next Order
- joystick module
- 3 wire volt panels