Laravel

Implicit Route Binding

From this video

 Route::get('users/{user}', function(App\User $user){
   return $user;
 });

If the arg name matches the token, it will magic that value into place. With the type hinting, it will find a user with the primary key given in the url.

To use something other than the primary key, you have to add a route binding in RouteServiceProvider.

Auth

Video

 php artisan make:auth

Creates auth stufff.

Email

Easiest is to use 'sendmail'. Make sure to set 'from' in config/mail.php.

Homestead

I'll need to try setting up a homestead instance on AWS with Vagrant. Could be useful to know for other projects too.

Illuminate/html

 composer require illuminate/html

Then in config/app.php, add 'Illuminate\Html\HtmlServiceProvider' to the providers array and 'Form' => 'Illuminate\Html\FormFacade' to the aliases array.

This seems to be the most up-to-date documentation.

Request

 $input = Request::all();
 $foo = Request::get('foo');

Gets all inputs from get and post.

Good shorthand

 $input = Request::all();
 SomeModel::create($input);

Controller

 php artisan make:controller Name
 php artisan make:controller Name --resource

See Restful controllers

Eloquent

The $fillable property limits which properties can be assigned. Special protected properties:

• $fillable: which fields can be assigned
• $dates: an array of fields that will be treated as Carbon dates

Artisan

 php artisan make:model User --migration

Accessors and Mutators

Accessors modify data coming from the database before it's inserted in the model. Mutators modify it before inserting.

A mutator method must have a name following the pattern setFieldNameAttribute

Query Scope

Name is scopeName, takes a query as an arg. Useful for attaching repeated query logic to the model.

Relationships

One-to-one

 //in the one being referenced
 public function users(){
   return $this->hasOne('App\Author');
 }
 
 //in the one referencing
 public function author(){
   return $this->belongsTo('App\user');
 }

One-to-many (author to article)

 //in the 'one' (author)
 public function articles(){
   return $this->hasMany('App\Articles');
 }
 
 //in the 'many' (article)
 public function author(){
   return $this->belongsTo('App\user');
 }

Many-to-many: create the pivot table, name is singular underscore singular, alphabetic order. Then in each

 public function article(){ //in tag
   return $this->belongsToMany('article');
 }

The many to many can handle insert/delete diffs with ->sync().

To check if one exists from the other

 $author->articles->contains('title', 'Intro to PHP');

Querying

 $activeClients = App\Organization::whereHas('tags', function($query){
   $query->where('tag','Active Client');
 })->get();

The closure function attaches methods to the sub query.

 Model::lists(value, key);

Key is optional. Both key and value are column names. Returns an array. Very useful for selects.

Form Requests

 php artisan make:requestion NameOfRequest

Starts with the methods authorize and rules.

Rules returns an array of fields and their validation logic.

Validators

• required
• min:n
• date

Authorize returns a bool.

If validation fails, it's redirected back to the previous page with $errors populated with proper errors.

Form requests are implemented with type hinting on the controller.

The controller method looks like this:

 public function someMethod(SomeRequest $request){
   Model::create(request->all());
   return redirect('someplace');
 }

Direct Validation

Rather than creating a form request, we can do this

 public function someMethod(Request $request){
   $this->validate($request, ['title' => 'required|min:3']);
   Model::create(request->all());
   return redirect('someplace');
 }

Routes

 php artisan route:list

Shows a table of the routes.

Route Resource

Implements restful crud.

Route Model Binding

Done through RouteServicesProvider.php in the boot method, add a line like:

 $router->model('article', 'App\Article');

now any instance of {article} in a route will be used to look up an Article by it's primary id and that article will be passed into the controller method.

Middleware

All methods have the same args $request and $next and the continue by calling $next($request);

In http/Kernal.php, every piece of middleware in $middleware is run against every request. To use middleware, it must be added to $routeMiddleware (in http/Kernal.php).

Middleware can be attached in a controllers constructor:

 public function __construct(){
   $this->middleware('auth');
 }

We can also limit what methods it applies to

 public function __construct(){
   $this->middleware('auth', ['only'=>'create']);
 }

At the route level:

 Route::get('create', ['middleware' => 'auth', 'uses' => 'ArticleController@create']);

Sessions

Flash Messaging

 \Session::flash('key','value') // set
 Session::has('key'); // get

Anything set with flash will only persist for one request.

Migrations

Artisan

 php artisan make:migration create_NAME_table --create=NAME
 php artisan make:migration add_SOMETHING_to_NAME_table --table=NAME
 php artisan migrate:refresh //drop and re-run all

NAME should be plural. For create, it may be better to create the migration along with the model. For a link table, it's singular, alphabetical order (role_user).

Types

From the documentation:

• $table->increments('id');
• $table->integer('role')->unsigned;
• $table->string('name');

Indexes

• $table->string('email')->unique();
• $table->index(COLUMNS, NAME); // columns can be one col or an array, name is optional
• $table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')>onDelete('cascade');
• $table->dropForeign('posts_user_id_foreign');

Notes

Renamed a migration and broke stuff. Had to run composer dump-autoload

Blade

commands

• @extends('some.parent.view');
• @if (cond) ... @elseif(cond) ... @else ... @endif
• @for(;;) ... @endfor
• @foreach($foo as $bar) ... @endforeach
• @while(cond)...@endwhile)
• @include('view.name');
• @section('name') ... @endsection // defines a section
• @overwrite used in place of @endsection, allows a section to be re-used
• @yeild('sectionName') renders the section

Section can take a second param instead of wrapping a chunk. The second param becomes the value.

processors

• {{ }} : escapes output
• {!! !!} : does not escape output
• @{{ }} : displays the raw contents - no processing

I DON'T GET @section

Notes

ORDER MATTERS!!! When if you include a partial before defining a section that partial uses, it will not work!

Missing a closing quote throws a really strange error: '__data' (T_STRING)

Validation

 exists:roles,id

Probably a better way

Via Request

https://laravel.com/docs/master/validation

 php artisan make:request SomeNameRequest

in the controller, use it with

 public function controllerMethod(Requests\SomeNameRequest $request)

Collections

 $col->contains($id);
 $col->contains('name', $name);

Research These

• https://github.com/laracasts/Laravel-5-Generators-Extended
• https://github.com/Zizaco/entrust : looks good but does not work, try again later
• https://github.com/matriphe/laravel-imageupload
• https://github.com/formers/former

Debugging Notes

On some hosts (1and1 is where I encountered it) you need to add

 RewriteBase /

to .htaccess

I had to change /storage/logs/laravel.log to 777 to get error output to work.

To view the sql output:

 DB::listen(function($query){print($query->sql . '
');});

Testing

 vendor/bin/phpunit