Parts (Electronics)
IC
| Part | Name | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 555/556 | Timer | $2.15 / 50 | |
| LM741 | Op Amp | $1.20 / 10 | |
| LM317 | Linear reg. | $1.30 / 10 | |
| LM78xx | Linear reg. | $1.30 / 10 | The xx is the voltage; 05,06,08,10,12,15,18,24 |
Microcontrollers
| Name | Cost | I/O | Flash | Speed | Peripherals | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATTINY85 | 60¢ | 6 | 8K | 2pwm, 2-8 timer, 1adc | 20MHz | Small dev boards are available for around $1.75 |
| ATMEGA8 | 90¢ | 23 | 8K | 16MHz | 3pwm, 2adc, 2-8/1-16 timer | Small dev boards are available for around $1.75 |
Packages
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| DIP | dual in-line pin, pins are 1/10" apart, 1/4" wide |
| QFP | Quad Flat Pack |
Modules
| Name | Cost | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Voltage Meter | $2.00 | 3x7seg LED, generally wide ranges of voltages |
| Buck Module | $2.74 | (4-40v) → (1.3-37v) @ 2A; includes led panel. Found a 9A version for $5, no display. |
| Bread Board Supply | $1 | Nice little package that plugs into a bread board and supplies either 3.3v or 5v. Takes 6.5v-12V through 5.5mm or USB |
Semiconductors
| Part | Cost | Limit | Part |
|---|---|---|---|
| PNP BJT (TO-92) | $1.43 / 100 | 40v 200mA | 2N3906 |
| NPN BJT (TO-92) | $1.20 / 100 | 60v 200mA | 2N3904 |
| PNP BJT (TO-220) | $2.60 / 50 | 100v 3A | https://www.fairchildsemi.com/datasheets/TI/TIP32C.pdf TIP32] |
| NPN BJT (TO-220) | $2.6 / 50 | 60v 3A | TIP31 |
| PNP BJT (TO-3) | $4.87 / 5 | 60v 10A | MJ2955 |
| NPN BJT (TO-3) | $2.60 / 5 | 60v 15A | 2N3055 |
| N-chan MOSFET (TO-92) | $2.01 / 50 | 60v 200mA | 2N7000 |
| P-cha MOSFET (TO-92) | $14 / 50 | 45v 230mA | BS250 Note cost compared to N-chan |
| N-chan MOSFET (TO-220) | $2.95 / 10 | 100v 9.7A | IRF520N |
| P-cha MOSFET (TO-220) | $2.38 / 10 | 100v 23A | IRF9540 |
| Diode | $1.25 / 100 | 1000v 1A | 1N4007 |
The TO-220 transistors are often sold in PNP/NPN pairs.
LEDs
| Part | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 5mm Single Color | $4 / 100 | Some color packs available |
| 3mm Single Color | $1.5 / 100 | Some color packs available |
| Tri-Color 5mm | $5 / 100 | Some color packs available |
| 1W LED | $8 / 50 | Super bright, needs driver |
Packages
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| TO-92 | Small black, semi circle, 3 leads from the bottom |
| TO-3 | metal can, good for heat dissipation, cheap heat-sinks, shaped like a rounded diamond about 1"x1.5", leads are .43" apart |
| TO-220 | metal tab heatsink |
| 5mm | Common LED package |
TO stands for transistor-outline.
Linear Components
Resistors
Resistors are typically 1/4W. The cost for these is negligible, assortment packages typically come in around 0.6¢ per resistor. To handle higher wattage, they can be used in parallel.
Capacitors
Electrolytic up to 220uF are very cheap (2.8¢) and available in assortment packs. Up to 2200uf is still pretty cheap, 7.5¢ with a 1000uF@10v cap coming in around 5.6¢. Beyond this, the goes up rapidly for either additional capacitance or voltage with a 2200uF@25v around 50¢.
Ceramics are cheap up to 100nf, also available in assortment packs (0.4¢).
Inductors
Small inductors are fairly cheap; assortment packs of 1/2w from 1uH to 4.7mH 5.5¢ a piece. They look like resistors.
Connectors
| Description | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Banana Plug | $3.94 / 20 | |
| 5.5x2.1mm DC socket | $1.89 / 10 | |
| 0.1" Headers Breakable Male | 50x40-pin $8.75 | |
| 0.1" Headers Female (not breakable) | 10x40-pin $1.18 | |
| Swiss Machine Pin | 12x40-pin $5.70 | 0.1" Headers Breakable Female |
| USB A PCB socket | $4 / 10 |
Boards
| Description | Cost Source | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Copper Clad Board | 36 x 4"x6" $22 | 2.5¢ insq |
| Ferric Chloride | 4 oz dry / 1L wet $11 | |
| Perf Board | 10 7x5cm $5.25 | 9.5¢ insq |
| Bread Board | Standard Size | $2.50 |
| Shield Bread Board | Sized for Arduino shields | $2 / 5 |